Chapter on the Divorce of a Woman Who Has Not Been Consummated and the Ruling on a Woman Whose Husband Passes Away Before or After Consummation

"If a man divorces his wife before consummating the marriage, she is entitled to half of her dowry. However, if he had not specified a dowry for her, then 'provision must be made for her in a fair manner', 'according to the means of the wealthy and according to the means of the poor.' She does not have to observe any waiting period (iddah) and may marry whomever she wishes immediately."

"Provide for them," meaning adorn them with whatever you are able to from kindness, for they return with sorrow, loneliness, great grief, and become a subject of gloating for their enemies. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty, is generous, feels shy, and loves those who possess modesty. The most honorable among you is the one who honors his wives the most.

Hadith.4775 - In the narration of Al-Bazanti: "The mut'ah (compensatory gift) for a divorced woman is an obligation (faridah)."

Hadith.4776 - It is narrated: "The wealthy man should provide a house or a servant as a parting gift, the middle-income man should provide clothing, and the poor man should provide a silver coin or a ring."

Hadith.4777 - It is narrated: "The minimum (parting gift) is a headscarf or something similar to it."

"It refers to the father, the brother, or the man who is entrusted with her affairs and whose authority over the woman's wealth is accepted, as he buys and trades for her. So, if he waives it, it becomes valid."

Hadith.4779 - And in another narration: "He may take a part and leave a part, but he does not have the right to forgo all of it."

Hadith.4780 - Ubayd ibn Zurarah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman whose husband passed away before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) replied: "She is entitled to inheritance and must observe the complete waiting period (iddah). If he had specified a dowry for her, she is entitled to half of it, and if he had not specified a dowry, she is entitled to nothing."

Hadith.4781 - Shihab asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who married a woman with a dowry of one thousand dirhams. He paid her the dowry, and she gifted it back to him, saying, "I desire you more." However, he divorced her before consummating the marriage. Imam (as) replied: "He is entitled to reclaim five hundred dirhams from her."

"The compensation (mut'ah) for women is obligatory, whether the marriage was consummated or not. This compensation should be granted before she is divorced."

Hadith.4783 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a woman whose husband passed away without consummating the marriage, saying: "She must not remarry until she completes a waiting period (iddah) of four months and ten days, which is the prescribed waiting period for a woman whose husband has passed away."

Hadith.4784 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar wrote to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) regarding a woman whose husband had passed away while she was still in her waiting period (iddah) and who was in need, with no one to provide for her, and she worked for people. He asked whether it was permissible for her to leave her house, work, and even stay away from her home overnight for work and necessity during her waiting period. Imam (as) responded: "There is no harm in that, God willing."

Hadith.4785 - Ammar al-Sabati asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a woman whose husband has passed away. He inquired whether it is permissible for her to leave her house during her waiting period (iddah). The Imam (as) replied: "Yes, she may apply henna, use oils, apply kohl, comb her hair, dye it, wear colored clothing, and do whatever she wishes as long as it is not for adornment intended for a husband."

Hadith.4786 - In another narration, it was said: "There is no harm for a woman whose husband has passed away to perform Hajj during her waiting period (iddah) and to move from one house to another."