Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

Chapter on Bequests Made Through Writing and Gestures

Volume 4 Section 92 3 narrations
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Will (Testament) 3 Rights 3

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Hadith 484
Hadith.5454 - Abd Al-Ṣamad ibn Muhammad narrated from Hanan ibn Sadir from his father, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said
"I entered upon Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Al-Hanafiyya, and his tongue had become paralyzed. I instructed him to make his will, but he did not respond. So, I ordered a basin to be brought and filled it with sand. I said to him, 'Write with your hand,' and he wrote his will in the sand with his hand, and I copied it onto a scroll."
5454 - رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلصَّمَدِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ
"دَخَلْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ اِبْنِ اَلْحَنَفِيَّةِ وَ قَدِ اُعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهُ فَأَمَرْتُهُ بِالْوَصِيَّةِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْ" قَالَ "فَأَمَرْتُ بِطَسْتٍ فَجَعَلْتُ فِيهِ اَلرَّمْلَ فَوُضِعَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ خُطَّ بِيَدِكَ فَخَطَّ وَصِيَّتَهُ بِيَدِهِ فِي اَلرَّمْلِ وَ نَسَخْتُ أَنَا فِي صَحِيفَةٍ".
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Hadith 485
Hadith.5455 - Muhammad ibn Ahmad Al-Ashari narrated from Al-Sindi ibn Muhammad from Yunus ibn Yaʿqub from Abu Maryam, who narrated from his father: Umamah bint Abi Al-Aṣ - whose mother was Zaynab, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) - was married to Imam Ali ibn Abi Ṭalib (as) after Sayyida Faṭimah {s.a} (passed away). After the martyrdom of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), Al-Mughirah ibn Al-Nawfal married her. It was narrated that
she became severely ill until her tongue became paralyzed. Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) and Imam Hussain ibn Ali (as), the sons of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), came to her while she was unable to speak. They (as) began asking her, while Al-Mughirah disapproved. They (as) asked: "Did you emancipate so-and-so and his family?" She nodded her head in agreement. They (as) continued: "And this and that?" She again nodded her head in affirmation but could not speak clearly. Her gestures were accepted as valid in confirming her wishes.
5455 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اَلْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ اَلسِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ
أَنَّ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي اَلْعَاصِ وَ أُمُّهَا زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَانَتْ تَحْتَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بَعْدَ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ فَخَلَفَ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ اَلنَّوْفَلِ فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهَا وَجِعَتْ وَجَعاً شَدِيداً حَتَّى اُعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُهَا فَجَاءَهَا اَلْحَسَنُ وَ اَلْحُسَيْنُ اِبْنَا عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ هِيَ لاَ تَسْتَطِيعُ اَلْكَلاَمَ فَجَعَلاَ يَقُولاَنِ لَهَا وَ اَلْمُغِيرَةُ كَارِهٌ لِذَلِكَ "أَعْتَقْتِ فُلاَناً وَ أَهْلَهُ" فَجَعَلَتْ تُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهَا نَعَمْ "وَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا" فَجَعَلَتْ تُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهَا أَنْ نَعَمْ لاَ تُفْصِحُ بِالْكَلاَمِ فَأَجَازَ ذَلِكَ لَهَا.
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Hadith 486
Hadith.5456 - It was narrated from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Al-Hamadhani, who said
I wrote to Abu Al-Hasan Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) regarding a man who wrote something in his own handwriting but did not tell his heirs, "This is my will," nor did he say, "I have made a will." However, he wrote a document that contained what he intended to bequeath. I asked whether it was obligatory for his heirs to fulfill what was written in his handwriting, even though he did not command them to do so. Abu Al-Hasan (as) replied: "If he had children, they must carry out everything they find written in their father's document, whether it pertains to acts of righteousness or anything else."
5456 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْهَمَذَانِيِّ قَالَ
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ كَتَبَ كِتَاباً بِخَطِّهِ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لِوَرَثَتِهِ هَذِهِ وَصِيَّتِي وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ إِنِّي قَدْ أَوْصَيْتُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ كِتَاباً فِيهِ مَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُوصِيَ بِهِ هَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَى وَرَثَتِهِ اَلْقِيَامُ بِمَا فِي اَلْكِتَابِ بِخَطِّهِ وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وُلْدٌ يُنْفِذُونَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ يَجِدُونَ فِي كِتَابِ أَبِيهِمْ فِي وَجْهِ اَلْبِرِّ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ".
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