Hadith 79
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3. We were told by Muhammed bin Ibrahim bin Ishaq al-Talaqani, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Yusuf bin Sa’eed al-Kufi, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Hasan bin Ali bin Faddal, from his father, that he said
I asked al-Rida, Abu’l-Hasan, peace be upon him, and so I said to him: Why was the Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, nicknamed as Abu’l-Qasim? Then he said: Because he had a son called Qasim, and so he was nicknamed due to him. He said: Then I said to him: O son of Allah’s Messenger, do you see me deserving for more? He said: Yes. Have you not known that Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: I and Ali are the fathers of this nation? I said: Sure. He said: Have you not known that Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, is a father to all his nation, and that Ali, peace be upon him, is in his position among them? I said: Sure. He said: Have you not known that Ali is the divider between Paradise and the Fire? I said: Sure. He said: Hence, he was called Abu’l-Qasim because he is the father of the divider of Paradise and the Fire. Then I said to him: And what is the meaning of that? Then he said: Indeed, the compassion of the Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and hi Family, upon his nation is as the compassion of fathers upon children, and the best among his nation is Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him. After him, the compassion of Ali, peace be upon him, upon them is like the compassion of him, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, because he is his Bequeathed, Successor and Imam after therein. Then he said: Hence, for that he, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: I and Ali are the fathers of this nation. The Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, climbed the pulpit and said: He who leaves behind a debt or a wastage, it is upon me, and to me (shall one come), and he who leaves behind property, it is for his inheritors. By that, he became of more priority to them than their fathers and mothers, and he became of more priority to them than their own selves, and so was the Commander of the Believers, peace be upon him, after him, it applied to him the same as what applied to Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family.
حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن إسحاق الطالقاني - رضي الله عنه - قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن يوسف بن سعيد الكوفي قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال عن أبيه، قال
سألت الرضا أبا الحسن عليه السلامفقلت له: لم كني النبي صلى الله عليه وآله بأبي القاسم فقال: لأنه كان له ابن يقال له: " قاسم " فكني به. قال: فقلت له: يا ابن رسول الله فهل تراني أهلا للزيادة؟ فقال: نعم. أما علمت أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله قال: أنا وعلي أبوا هذه الأمة! قلت: بلى. قال: أما علمت أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله أب لجميع أمته وعلي عليه السلام فيهم بمنزلته؟ قلت: بلى. قال: أما علمت أن عليا قاسم الجنة والنار؟ قلت: بلي. قال: فقيل له: أبو القاسم لأنه أبو قاسم الجنة والنار. فقلت له: وما معنى ذلك؟ فقال: إن شفقة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله على أمته شفقة الآباء على الأولاد، وأفضل أمته علي بن أبي طالب عليه السلام، ومن بعده شفقة علي عليه السلام عليهم كشفقته صلى الله عليه وآله لأنه وصيه وخليفته والامام بعد، فقال: فلذلك قال صلى الله عليه وآله: أنا وعلي أبوا هذه الأمة. وصعد النبي صلى الله عليه وآله المنبر فقال: من ترك دينا أو ضياعا فعلي وإلي ومن ترك مالا فلورثته، فصال بذلك أولى بهم من آبائهم وأمهاتهم، وصار أولى بهم منهم بأنفسهم، وكذلك أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام بعده جرى ذلك له مثل ما جرى لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله.