Hadith 536
۞
536. Ibn Mahboub, from Hisham Bin Salim, from Abu Hamza, from Saeed Bin Al-Musayyab who said
I asked Ali (asws) Bin Al-Husayn (asws), ‘How old was Ali (asws) on the day he (asws) became a Muslim?’ So he (asws) said: ‘What? Was he (asws) an infidel ever? But rather, when Allah (azwj) Sent His (azwj) Messenger (saww), Ali (asws) was ten years old, and he (asws) was never an infidel on that day, and he (asws) had believed in Allah (azwj), and in His (azwj) Messenger (saww), and preceded all of the people to the faith by Allah (azwj) and by His (azwj) Messenger (saww) and to the Prayer by three years’. And the first Prayer that he (asws) Prayed with the Rasool Allah (saww) was Al-Zohr (Midday) of two cycles and that is what Allah (azwj) Blessed and High had Obligated it as upon the one who became a Muslim at Makkah – two cycles, two cycles, and the Rasool Allah (saww) had Prayed two cycles at Makkah, and Ali (asws) had Prayed it with him (saww) as two cycles for a period of ten years until the Rasool Allah (saww) migrated to Al-Medina, and left Ali (asws) behind regarding the matters which no one part from him (asws) could have dealt with. And the going out of the Rasool Allah (saww) from Makkah was during the first of the Rabbi-ul-Awwal, and that was the day of Thursday on the thirteenth year from the Mab’as (Declaration of Prophet-hood), and journeyed to Al-Medina over twelve nights from the Month of Rabbi Ul-Awwal with the setting of the sun. So he (saww) descended at Quba, so he (saww) Prayed Al-Zohr two cycles, and Al-Asr two cycles. Then he (saww) did not cease to stay there, awaiting Ali (asws). He (saww) Prayed five Prayers of two cycles, two cycles. And he (saww) stayed at (the house of) Amro Bin Awf for about ten days. They were saying to him (saww), ‘Stay with us, so we will build for you (saww) house and a Masjid’. So he (saww) said; ‘No. I (saww) am awaiting Ali (asws) Bin Abu Talib (asws), and have ordered him (asws) to meet me (saww), and will not settle in a house until Ali (asws) comes, and he (asws) will not be long, Allah (azwj) Willing. So Ali (asws) came to the Prophet (saww) at the house of Amro Bin Awf and stayed with him (saww). Then the Rasool Allah (saww), when Ali (asws) arrived to him (saww), transferred from Quba to the Clan of Saalim Bin Awf, and Ali (asws) was with him (saww), on the Day of Friday at sunrise. So they drew a boundary for him (saww) for a Masjid, and established its Qiblah (direction of Prayer). He (saww) Prayed with them the Friday Prayer of two cycles, and preached them two sermons. Then he (saww) went to Al-Medina upon the she-camel which he (saww) had come upon, and Ali (asws) was with him (saww), not separating from him (saww), walking with him (saww) step by step. And there was no neighbourhood from the neighbourhoods of the Helpers which Rasool Allah (saww) passed by except that they stood up for him (saww) asking him (saww) to descend to them. He (saww) would say to them; ‘Make way for the she-camel for it is under instructions (of where to go). So it went and the Rasool Allah (saww) had freed its reins until it ended up at the place which you see’, and he (asws) gestured by his (asws) hands to the door of the Masjid of the Rasool Allah (saww) by which the funeral Prayers are performed. He (asws) said: ‘So it paused at it and knelt, and placed itself upon the ground. So the Rasool Allah (saww) descended, and Abu Ayub welcomed him (saww) to the extent that he carried his (saww) saddle bag and made him (saww) to enter his house. And the Rasool Allah (saww) and Ali (asws) stayed with him until they built for him (saww), his (saww) Masjid, and built for him (saww) his (saww) house, and a house for Ali (asws). So they two of them (asws) transferred to their (asws) houses’. So Saeed Bin Al-Musayyab (the narrator) said to Ali (asws) Bin Al-Husayn (asws), ‘May I be sacrificed for you (asws), Abu Bakr was with the Rasool Allah (saww) when he (saww) arrived at Al-Medina. So when did he separate from him (saww)?’ So he (asws) said: ‘Abu Bakr was with him (saww) when the Rasool Allah (saww) proceeded to Quba, and he (saww) decided to wait for Ali (asws). So Abu Bakr said to him (saww), ‘Come with us to Al-Medina, for the people would rejoice at your (saww) arrival there and are eager to welcome you (saww). So come with us and do not stay over here waiting for Ali (asws), from what I can see, it would take him (asws) a month to come to you (asws)’. So the Rasool Allah (saww) said to him: ‘Never! He (asws) will not be long, and I (saww) will not move until my (saww) cousin (asws), and my (saww) brother (asws) for the sake of Allah (azwj) Mighty and Majestic, and the most beloved to me (saww) of my (saww) Family comes over, for he (asws) saved me (saww) from the Polytheists by being in my (saww) place’. He (asws) said; ‘So Abu Bakr was angry and was disgusted by it, and envy for Ali (asws) entered into him due to that, and that was the first enmity initiated from him to the Rasool Allah (saww) with regards to Ali (asws), and the first of his opposition to the Rasool Allah (saww). So he went until he entered Al-Medina, and left behind the Rasool Allah (saww) at Quba waiting for Ali (asws)’. (The narrator) said, ‘I said to Ali (asws) Bin Al-Husayn (asws), ‘So when did the Messenger (saww) get Fatima (sa) married to Ali (asws)?’ He (asws) said: ‘At Al-Medina, a year after the Migration, and she was in her (asws) ninth year’. Ali (asws) Bin Al-Husayn (asws) said: ‘And there was no birth to the Rasool Allah (saww) from Khadija (as) upon the nature of Al-Islam except for Fatima (sa), and Khadija (as) had passed away a year before the Migration, and Abu Talib (as) had passed away a year after her (as) passing away. So when the two of them (as) passed away, the Rasool Allah (saww) got tired of staying at Makkah, and was overcome by intense grief and sympathised with himself (saww) from the infidels of Qureysh. He (saww) informed Jibraeel (as) about that, so Allah (azwj) Revealed unto him (saww): “Go out from the town where (its) people are unjust and Migrate to Al-Medina, for today there is no helper for you (saww) at Makkah, and establish a war against the Polytheists”. So the Rasool Allah (saww) heeded that and directed himself (saww) to Al-Medina’. So I (the narrator) said to him (asws), ‘So when was the Salat became Obligatory upon the Muslims in the form that they are Praying today?’ He (asws) said: ‘At Al-Medina when the Call was made apparent, and Al-Islam was strong, and Allah (azwj) Decreed Al-Jihaad upon the Muslims, and the Rasool Allah (saww) increased in the Prayer, seven cycles – two cycles in Al-Zohr, and two cycles in Al-Asr, and one cycle in Al-Maghrib, and two cycles in Al-Isha, and accepted Al-Fajr upon what it had been Obligated in order to expedite the descent of the Angels of the day from the sky and to expedite that rising of the Angels of the night to the sky. And the Angels of the night and the Angels of the day had been testifying with the Rasool Allah (saww) for Al-Fajr Prayer, so that is the Statement of Allah (azwj): “[17:78] (the recital of) the Qur’an at dawn. Lo! (the recital of) the Qur’an at dawn is witnessed”, witnessed by the Muslims and witnessed by the Angels of the day and Angels of the night’.
ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ
سَأَلْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ (عليه السلام) ابْنُ كَمْ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (عليه السلام) يَوْمَ أَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ أَ وَ كَانَ كَافِراً قَطُّ إِنَّمَا كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) حَيْثُ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَسُولَهُ (صلى الله عليه وآله) عَشْرُ سِنِينَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ كَافِراً وَ لَقَدْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ بِرَسُولِهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ سَبَقَ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ وَ بِرَسُولِهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ بِثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ وَ كَانَتْ أَوَّلُ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّاهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) الظُّهْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ كَذَلِكَ فَرَضَهَا اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَى مَنْ أَسْلَمَ بِمَكَّةَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) يُصَلِّيهَا بِمَكَّةَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ يُصَلِّيهَا عَلِيٌّ ( عليه السلام ) مَعَهُ بِمَكَّةَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مُدَّةَ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ حَتَّى هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَ خَلَّفَ عَلِيّاً (عليه السلام) فِي أُمُورٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَقُومُ بِهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُ وَ كَانَ خُرُوجُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) مِنْ مَكَّةَ فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ وَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمُ الْخَمِيسِ مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ مِنَ الْمَبْعَثِ وَ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ لِاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ مَعَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَنَزَلَ بِقُبَا فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ الْعَصْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ مُقِيماً يَنْتَظِرُ عَلِيّاً (عليه السلام) يُصَلِّي الْخَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ كَانَ نَازِلًا عَلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُمْ بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْماً يَقُولُونَ لَهُ أَ تُقِيمُ عِنْدَنَا فَنَتَّخِذَ لَكَ مَنْزِلًا وَ مَسْجِداً فَيَقُولُ لَا إِنِّي أَنْتَظِرُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَ قَدْ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَلْحَقَنِي وَ لَسْتُ مُسْتَوْطِناً مَنْزِلًا حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ عَلِيٌّ وَ مَا أَسْرَعَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) وَ النَّبِيُّ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فِي بَيْتِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَنَزَلَ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) تَحَوَّلَ مِنْ قُبَا إِلَى بَنِي سَالِمِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) مَعَهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مَعَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ فَخَطَّ لَهُمْ مَسْجِداً وَ نَصَبَ قِبْلَتَهُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ فِيهِ الْجُمُعَةَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ خَطَبَ خُطْبَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ رَاحَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ الَّتِي كَانَ قَدِمَ عَلَيْهَا وَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) مَعَهُ لَا يُفَارِقُهُ يَمْشِي بِمَشْيِهِ وَ لَيْسَ يَمُرُّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) بِبَطْنٍ مِنْ بُطُونِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا قَامُوا إِلَيْهِ يَسْأَلُونَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ خَلُّوا سَبِيلَ النَّاقَةِ فَإِنَّهَا مَأْمُورَةٌ فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَاضِعٌ لَهَا زِمَامَهَا حَتَّى انْتَهَتْ إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي تَرَى وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى بَابِ مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) الَّذِي يُصَلَّى عِنْدَهُ بِالْجَنَائِزِ فَوَقَفَتْ عِنْدَهُ وَ بَرَكَتْ وَ وَضَعَتْ جِرَانَهَا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ مُبَادِراً حَتَّى احْتَمَلَ رَحْلَهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ مَنْزِلَهُ وَ نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) وَ عَلِيٌّ (عليه السلام) مَعَهُ حَتَّى بُنِيَ لَهُ مَسْجِدُهُ بُنِيَتْ لَهُ مَسَاكِنُهُ وَ مَنْزِلُ عَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) فَتَحَوَّلَا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمَا فَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عليه السلام) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) حِينَ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَيْنَ فَارَقَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِلَى قُبَا فَنَزَلَ بِهِمْ يَنْتَظِرُ قُدُومَ عَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ انْهَضْ بِنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ فَرِحُوا بِقُدُومِكَ وَ هُمْ يَسْتَرِيثُونَ إِقْبَالَكَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَانْطَلِقْ بِنَا وَ لَا تَقُمْ هَاهُنَا تَنْتَظِرُ عَلِيّاً فَمَا أَظُنُّهُ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْكَ إِلَى شَهْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) كَلَّا مَا أَسْرَعَهُ وَ لَسْتُ أَرِيمُ حَتَّى يَقْدَمَ ابْنُ عَمِّي وَ أَخِي فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَحَبُّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي إِلَيَّ فَقَدْ وَقَانِي بِنَفْسِهِ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ اشْمَأَزَّ وَ دَاخَلَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَسَدٌ لِعَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ أَوَّلَ عَدَاوَةٍ بَدَتْ مِنْهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فِي عَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) وَ أَوَّلَ خِلَافٍ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ تَخَلَّفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) بِقُبَا يَنْتَظِرُ عَلِيّاً (عليه السلام) قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عليه السلام) فَمَتَى زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فَاطِمَةَ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ (عليه السلام) فَقَالَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِسَنَةٍ وَ كَانَ لَهَا يَوْمَئِذٍ تِسْعُ سِنِينَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (عليه السلام) وَ لَمْ يُولَدْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) مِنْ خَدِيجَةَ (عليها السلام) عَلَى فِطْرَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا فَاطِمَةُ (عليها السلام) وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ مَاتَتْ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِسَنَةٍ وَ مَاتَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ خَدِيجَةَ بِسَنَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَقَدَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) سَئِمَ الْمُقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ وَ دَخَلَهُ حُزْنٌ شَدِيدٌ وَ أَشْفَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنْ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ فَشَكَا إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ (عليه السلام) ذَلِكَ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ اخْرُجْ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الظَّالِمِ أَهْلُهَا وَ هَاجِرْ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ الْيَوْمَ بِمَكَّةَ نَاصِرٌ وَ انْصِبْ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ حَرْباً فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ تَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَمَتَى فُرِضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ الْيَوْمَ فَقَالَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ ظَهَرَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ وَ قَوِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْجِهَادَ وَ زَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) فِي الصَّلَاةِ سَبْعَ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي الظُّهْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ فِي الْعَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ رَكْعَةً وَ فِي الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَقَرَّ الْفَجْرَ عَلَى مَا فُرِضَتْ لِتَعْجِيلِ نُزُولِ مَلَائِكَةِ النَّهَارِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ لِتَعْجِيلِ عُرُوجِ مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّيْلِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَ كَانَ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ يَشْهَدُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صلى الله عليه وآله) صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كانَ مَشْهُوداً يَشْهَدُهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَ يَشْهَدُهُ مَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ.