Al-Kāfi
Hadith 14842ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الْقُلُوبَ أَرْبَعَةٌ قَلْبٌ فِيهِ نِفَاقٌ وَإِيمَانٌ وَقَلْبٌ مَنْكُوسٌ وَقَلْبٌ مَطْبُوعٌ وَقَلْبٌ أَزْهَرُ أَجْرَدُ فَقُلْتُ مَا الأزْهَرُ قَالَ فِيهِ كَهَيْئَةِ السِّرَاجِ فَأَمَّا الْمَطْبُوعُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُنَافِقِ وَأَمَّا الأزْهَرُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ إِنْ أَعْطَاهُ شَكَرَ وَإِنِ ابْتَلاهُ صَبَرَ وَأَمَّا الْمَنْكُوسُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُشْرِكِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ أَ فَمَنْ يَمْشِي مُكِبًّا عَلى وَجْهِهِ أَهْدى أَمَّنْ يَمْشِي سَوِيًّا عَلى صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ فَأَمَّا الْقَلْبُ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِيمَانٌ وَنِفَاقٌ فَهُمْ قَوْمٌ كَانُوا بِالطَّائِفِ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَ أَحَدَهُمْ أَجَلُهُ عَلَى نِفَاقِهِ هَلَكَ وَإِنْ أَدْرَكَهُ عَلَى إِيمَانِهِ نَجَا.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Harun ibn al-Jahm from al-Mufaddal from Sa’d from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “There are four kinds of hearts: the heart in which there is hypocrisy and belief, the heart that is upside down, the heart that is stamped and the heart that is Azhar and is free. I then asked, ‘What is ‘Azhar’? The Imam said, ‘In it (the heart) there is something like a lamp. The stamped heart is the heart of hypocrite. Azhar is the heart of the believer who upon receiving favors, thanks, and in suffering exercises patience. The upside down heart is the heart of the pagans.’ The Imam then read this verse: ‘Can one who walks with his head hanging down be better guided than one who walks with his head upright?’ (67:22) The heart with belief and hypocrisy therein was the heart of a people in Ta’if. If death seized one of them upon his hypocrisy, he perished, and if it approached him upon belief he gained salvation.’”